On the contrary, there was significant (P<0.001) decrease in cell wall (NDF, ADF and hemicelluloses) content of pure coffee husk ensiled with the use of EM as biological inoculants’. The EE and CP content of the 100% coffee husk tended to decrease when it ensiled with grass hay. According to the results of the laboratory chemical analysis, there was significant improvement in the total ash, ether extract(EE) and crude protein(CP) content of pure coffee husk ensiled with the use of EM. The pH value (4.2) obtained from the treatment silage containing 100% coffee husk with the inoculation of EM is significantly lower (P< 0.001) than that of all the others and similar to the acidity limit recommended for good quality silage. The results obtained showed that the best silages were prepared by ensiling pure coffee husk and chopped grass hay in combination with 30% coffee husk with the use of EM as measured by visual appraisal and pH value. The nutritive quality of the treatments silage was evaluated on the basis of fermentation characteristics, chemical composition and in-vitro dry matter digestibility. Eight treatment silages were produced by ensiling chopped grass hay in combination with 10, 20, 30 and 100% of dry processed coffee husk with and without the use of EM as biological inoculants. Yonatan Kassu, Solomon Demeke, TayeTolemariam, YehenewGetachewĪbstract: the experiment was conducted to study the effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the nutritive quality of coffee husk silages. These optimized structures have the potential to increase the short-circuit current by more than 1.8% with a DARC1 and up 3.3 % with a DARC2 for non-encapsulated cells, in comparison with the standard single SiNx:H ARC.Įffect Of Effective Microorganism (EM) On The Nutritive Quality Of Coffee Husk Silage Thus, our results showed that the average reflectivity of 5.4 % and 6.4 % is obtained with a DARC2composed of two different layers of hydrogenated silicon nitride (SiNx: H) and silicon oxide (SiO2) and DARC1 composed of two layers of silicon nitride hydrogenated SiNx: H with optical indexes and thicknesses different, respectively. The optical refractive index and thicknesses of considered materials which allowed us to have the best results of reflection were used to simulate the electrical properties of the cell with PC1D software. These solutions permit us to plot the optical reflectivity and the absorption versus wavelengths and layer thicknesses.
SINGLECRYSTAL SOFTWARE DM3 FILE SOFTWARE
Influence Of SINx: H And SIOx Films On Optical And Electrical Properties Of Antireflective Coatings For Silicon Solar CellsĪBSRTACT: To increase the photon transmission in solar cells based on multicrystalline silicon, two different double layer antireflections (DARC1 and DARC2) were optimized and simulated, to optimize the antireflection double layer, we have developed a numerical simulation code with Matlab software package where we have used the method of transfer matrix to solve the optical equation. From the results obtained, it indicates that Na2SO3 is a better retting agent than NaOH. The corresponding viscosity of mercerized fibre of NaOH retted samples was low whereas that of Na2SO3 was high. This was attributed to the inefficiency of NaOH in removing the impurities of the fibre completely and as such lead to lower tensile strength and high viscosity while the reverse is the case for Na2SO3 retted and bleached fibres. The implication of this is that the samples retted with Na2SO3 were slightly affected while those retted with NaOH were affected most. It was observed that the samples retted with Na2SO3 and its corresponding bleached fibre had relatively high tensile strength and low viscosity values while those retted with NaOH and its corresponding bleached samples gave lower tensile strength and high viscosity values. The effects of these treatments were further evaluated using a tensile strength machine and a viscometer. The kenaf bast was converted into clean, lustrous, smooth and soft fibres using the retting, bleaching and mercerization processes. Mercerization process was carried out on the bleached fibres in order to improve the quality of the fibres. The extracted fibres were subjected to bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The bast of the kenaf plant was retted with 5 % sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 5 % sodium sulphite (Na2SO3) at 100 oC for 10 mins. Umoru, Patricia Ese., Boryo, Doris E.A., Aliyu, A.O, Adeyemi, O.OĪBSTRACT: The processing and evaluation of chemically retted kenaf bast (Hibiscus cannabinus) was carried out using sodium hydroxide and sodium sulphite.
Processing And Evaluation Of Chemically Treated Kenaf Bast (Hibiscus Cannabinus)
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